Reporting is an important part of accountability. The transparency given by regular and consistent reporting should help the public understand and accept civil parking enforcement. Enforcement authorities should give proper consideration and respond to these challenges with care and attention and in a timely manner to foster good customer relations, reduce the number of NtOs sent and the number of formal representations to be considered. English authorities outside London must [footnote 2] keep an account of all income and expenditure in respect of:

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Loading and unloading is permitted to be carried out by any vehicle without the need of displaying a permit providing that the loading/unloading taking place is continuous. Enforcement authorities can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their civil parking enforcement regimes by maintaining a regular dialogue – and undertaking joint activity where appropriate – with their on-street contractor (if there is one), the police, neighbouring authorities, the DVLA, the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) and representatives of road user groups.A heavy commercial vehicle wholly or partly parked on a footway, verge or land between 2 carriageways. Once authorities have finalised their parking enforcement policies, they should publish and promote them openly. There should be regular communication after civil parking enforcement is introduced, and when changes are made. Local authorities should remember that enforcement agents are acting on their behalf and that ultimately they are responsible and accountable for the behaviour of the enforcement agents acting on their behalf. However, immobilising or removing those vehicles in other circumstances is considered to be an exercise of such jurisdiction and is therefore ruled out. The White Paper on Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges (Comd 9497, April 1985) commits the government to ensure that agencies enforcing parking controls follow these principles.

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More importantly, recipients of PCNs or fixed penalty notices from dual function enforcement officers need to be made aware and understand the capacity in which the officer is acting at any given time. Authorities should develop good working relations with the DVLA, in particular with regard to local authorities receiving keeper information promptly.As with statutory representations, the authority should ensure that, whatever ways are available to lodge an informal representation, there is an adequate audit trail of the case, showing what decision was taken and why.

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The consideration should take into account the grounds for making representations and the authority’s own guidelines for dealing with extenuating or mitigating circumstances. When a vehicle is parked in a parking place, in one of the circumstances referred to below, authorities must not [footnote 22] immobilise or remove the vehicle in the first 15 minutes. The circumstances are where the contravention consists of or arises out of, failure to: The income and expenditure of local authorities in connection with their on-street charging and their on-street and off-street enforcement activities are governed by section 55 (as amended) of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984. A parking contravention is often a breach of a provision of a TRO, which must have been made under the correct section of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984. For complete lists of parking contraventions which are civilly enforceable, see the TMA, schedule 7, paragraphs 2, 3 and 4.The second type of permit scheme is where a collection of streets may have differing restrictions within the same scheme. Signs are placed at regular intervals adjacent to parking bays to confirm the restriction in place in the area. There can be a variety of bays within a permit schemes, such as loading bays, disabled bays or maximum stay bays. Care should be taken when parking a motor vehicle to make sure the vehicle is parked in the right type of bay. In London, penalty charges must be set set in accordance with TMA, section 77 and part 2 of schedule 9 by the London local authorities acting jointly and by Transport for London (in respect of Greater London Authority roads), with the approval of the Mayor (and provided that the Secretary of State does not object). Outside London, the penalty charges must accord with guidelines set by the Secretary of State in schedule 3 to S.I. 2022/71. However, authorities will need to bear in mind that if their scheme is not self-financing, then they need to be certain that they can afford to pay for it from within existing funding. The Secretary of State will not expect either national or local taxpayers to meet any deficit. Issues to consider before starting to use civil parking enforcement powers The Secretary of State recommends that authorities treat X-plated vehicles as D-plated unless they are causing a serious road safety or congestion hazard or are persistent evaders. Recovery of unpaid PCNs