it is a confession which does not meet the admissibility requirements of section 76 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) Where routine investigative actions have failed to gather sufficient material, investigators should explore alternative methods. Creative thinking may be required to determine the most appropriate type of action that is needed to progress an investigation, but this does not mean that the high legal standards and integrity expected of investigators should be compromised.

Gangs Matrix | Amnesty International UK Trapped in the Gangs Matrix | Amnesty International UK

A former housing officer and a member of staff at a borough Gangs Unit both told researchers that issuing eviction notices was a routine tactic used to put pressure on someone on the Matrix. This in turn affects the siblings and other family members of a ‘gang nominal’. b) the offence or one of the offences is an offence for which a person who has attained the age of twenty-one and has no previous convictions could reasonably be expected to be sentenced to imprisonment for a term of three years or more.' The Code of Practice to the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996 (CPIA) defines a criminal investigator as: The report concludes that when a police officer ‘friends’ or otherwise forms an online relationship with a potential person of interest, a covert human intelligence source authorisation – a warrant – is clearly required. The Act allows for the lawful interference with the right to respect for private and family life, under Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, in justified circumstances where law enforcement agencies can show that such interference is necessary, proportionate and in accordance with a legitimate aim.Technological advances mean that best evidence may be a recording of what might have been seen or heard. Evidence captured in this way can have considerable advantages in respect of interviews with suspects, significant witnesses and others. In part, the purpose of the Gangs Matrix is used as a policing and prosecuting tool, and often informs police decisions about where to exercise stop and search powers. The Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act (YJCEA) 1999 allows for special measures for certain groups of people who are involved in the criminal justice process. In 2011 amendments to the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 altered special measures provisions. In addition to carrying out effective investigations, victims, witnesses and communities expect the police service to provide:

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investigators should respect the professional ethics of others. This is particularly important when working with those whose role it is to support suspects Conducting ethical investigations helps to ensure that individuals and communities have confidence in the effectiveness of the police service and in the fairness of the processes and techniques they use. The jury will be advised to attach more weight to the evidence of primary sources. It is the duty of an investigator to look for all relevant information and to place all the admissible evidence uncovered before the court, irrespective of which side it supports.persistent and problematic offenders within the area and their networks of associates who may also be involved in their criminal behaviour, for example, the disposal of stolen goods Nowadays we do not confine ourselves to the best evidence. We admit all relevant evidence. The goodness or badness of it goes only to weight and not to admissibility. Gangs are, for the most part, a complete red herring… fixation with the term is unhelpful at every level. A huge amount of time, effort and energy has been wasted on trying to define what a gang is when it wasn’t necessarily relevant to what we’re seeing on the streets.’ understand how a particular crime has been committed, the type of material that may have been generated in the commission of the offence and how or where this material might be recovered